Moved by a force that does not let up. Of a thing carried forward by something behind it rather than pulled by something ahead.
Old English drīfan (to drive, force onward); the past participle naming what is carried by a force that does not let up.
Where drive names the force, driven names what has already stopped negotiating with it: the past participle marks a thing already caught up and carried, not a thing still deciding whether to move. Nothing driven chose the direction; it only stopped resisting it.